Basics

You will learn

• How tiling differs from floating window managers
• How to start SomeWM and read the default desktop
• Essential keybindings for windows, tags, and layouts
• How to edit and reload your rc.lua

Prerequisites

• You are logged into a running SomeWM session (First Launch gets you there)
• A terminal emulator installed (the default config uses xterm, but any terminal works)

tip

Don't want to log out of your current desktop? The nested compositor tutorial runs SomeWM in a window, and everything below works the same there.

What is a Tiling Window Manager?

SomeWM is a tiling window manager. This means:

• Windows don't overlap - they automatically arrange to fill your screen
• Keyboard-driven - most actions use keyboard shortcuts instead of mouse
• Highly customizable - everything is configured in Lua

Understanding the Desktop

The Wibar (Top Bar)

The bar at the top of your screen is called a wibar (widget bar). From left to right:

Component	Description
Launcher icon	Click to open the main menu
Tags (1-9)	Virtual desktops - click to switch
Prompt area	Shows the run prompt when activated
Tasklist	Shows windows on current tag (middle section)
Keyboard layout	Current keyboard layout
System tray	App indicators (volume, network, etc.)
Clock	Current time
Layout indicator	Shows current window layout (rightmost)

Tags vs Workspaces

SomeWM uses tags instead of fixed workspaces:

• A window can be on multiple tags at once (not just one)
• You can view multiple tags simultaneously
• Tags are numbered 1-9 by default

Think of tags as labels you attach to windows, rather than containers that hold windows.

Your First Commands

All shortcuts use Mod4 (Super/Windows key) as the primary modifier.

Opening a Terminal

Press Mod4 + Enter to open a terminal.

Opening More Windows

Open a few more terminals with Mod4 + Enter.

The first window takes the left half (the "master" area), and additional windows stack on the right. See Master and Stack to learn how this works and how to customize it.

Switching Focus

With multiple windows open:

Keybinding	Action
Mod4 + j	Focus next window
Mod4 + k	Focus previous window
Mod4 + Tab	Switch to last focused window

Try pressing Mod4 + j and Mod4 + k to move focus between windows.

Closing Windows

Press Mod4 + Shift + c to close the focused window. Notice that the remaining windows immediately re-tile to fill the gap; nothing is left where the closed window was.

The Run Prompt

Press Mod4 + r. A text prompt appears in the wibar where the prompt area sits. Type any command (like firefox or nautilus) and press Enter; the prompt disappears and the app opens as a new tile.

Showing Help

Press Mod4 + s to show the keybinding help popup.

Press any key to dismiss the help popup.

Working with Tags

Tags are how you organize your windows. By default, you have 9 tags (numbered 1-9).

Switching Tags

Keybinding	Action
Mod4 + 1-9	Switch to tag 1-9
Mod4 + Left	Switch to previous tag
Mod4 + Right	Switch to next tag

Try it: Open a terminal, then press Mod4 + 2 to switch to tag 2. Open another terminal here.

Now press Mod4 + 1 to go back to tag 1. The first terminal is still there.

Moving Windows Between Tags

To move the focused window to another tag:

Keybinding	Action
Mod4 + Shift + 1-9	Move window to tag 1-9

Try it: with a terminal focused, press Mod4 + Shift + 3. The window vanishes from this tag. Press Mod4 + 3 and there it is, alone on tag 3.

Viewing Multiple Tags

Keybinding	Action
Mod4 + Ctrl + 1-9	Toggle viewing tag 1-9

Press Mod4 + Ctrl + 2 while on tag 1. Windows from both tags now tile together on screen, and both tag numbers are highlighted in the taglist. Press Mod4 + Ctrl + 2 again to go back to just tag 1.

Understanding Layouts

SomeWM supports multiple window layouts. The current layout is shown in the rightmost icon of the wibar.

Changing Layouts

Keybinding	Action
Mod4 + Space	Next layout
Mod4 + Shift + Space	Previous layout

Common layouts:

Layout	Description
Tile	Master on left, stack on right
Fair	All windows equal size
Max	Focused window fills screen
Floating	Traditional overlapping windows

Resizing the Master Area

In tiling layouts, you can adjust how much space the master area takes:

Keybinding	Action
Mod4 + l	Increase master width
Mod4 + h	Decrease master width

This works with tile, spiral, and dwindle layouts.

Using the Mouse

Mouse bindings:

Action	Effect
Click on tag	Switch to that tag
Scroll on taglist	Cycle through tags
Mod4 + Left Click (drag)	Move window (in floating mode or makes window floating)
Mod4 + Right Click (drag)	Resize window
Right-click on desktop	Open main menu

Your First Customization

Finding Your Config File

SomeWM looks for configuration in this order:

1. ~/.config/somewm/rc.lua
2. ~/.config/awesome/rc.lua (AwesomeWM compatibility)
3. System fallback config

If you don't have a config yet, copy the installed default:

mkdir -p ~/.config/somewm
cp /etc/xdg/somewm/rc.lua ~/.config/somewm/rc.lua

Changing Your Terminal

Open ~/.config/somewm/rc.lua in your editor and find this line near the top:

terminal = "xterm"

Change it to your preferred terminal:

terminal = "alacritty"  -- or "kitty", "foot", "wezterm", etc.

Save the file.

Reloading Your Config

Press Mod4 + Ctrl + r to reload your configuration. The wibar rebuilds, and your open windows stay exactly where they were: a reload replaces the Lua state, not your session.

Now press Mod4 + Enter. Your new terminal opens instead of xterm. You have made and verified your first configuration change.

caution

If there's an error in your config, SomeWM will show a notification and continue with the old config. Check the notification for details about what went wrong.

Forgot a shortcut? Press Mod4 + s anytime for the built-in cheat sheet, or see the Default Keybindings reference.

What's Next?

• Theme - Change colors, fonts, and appearance
• Keybindings - Add your own keyboard shortcuts
• Widgets - Build a custom widget for your wibar
• Default Keybindings - Complete list of all shortcuts

Troubleshooting

Nothing happens when I press keys

Make sure you're pressing the correct modifier. By default, Mod4 is the Super/Windows key. On some keyboards, you may need to check your BIOS settings or use xmodmap to configure the modifier keys.

Terminal won't open

The default config uses xterm. If it's not installed, either:

• Install xterm: sudo apt install xterm (Debian/Ubuntu) or sudo pacman -S xterm (Arch)
• Change the terminal in your config as shown above

Config changes don't work

After editing rc.lua:

1. Save the file
2. Press Mod4 + Ctrl + r to reload
3. Check for error notifications

If you see an error, SomeWM will tell you the line number. Common issues:

• Missing comma at end of line
• Mismatched brackets or parentheses
• Typos in variable names

See the Troubleshooting guide for more help.